Influence of diabetes disease on concentration of total protein, albumin and globulins in saliva and serum: A comparative study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous metabolic disease which is characterized by hyperglycemia and long term complication. The aim of current research to study the influence of both types of diabetic diseases on concentration of total protein, albumin and globulins. And to look out the possibility of using saliva rather than serum, as a diagnostic fluid to follow the changes in these parameters.
Materials and Methods: A total of 109 patients with Diabetes disease, 72 with type І (T1DM) and 37 with type ІI (T2DM) 68 age and gender matched healthy individuals were the samples of the present study. Concentration of total proteins, albumin and globulins were measured in both saliva and sera samples of the patients and the healthy individuals (control group).

Results: Total protein measurement results revealed presence of highly significant decrease in serum and highly significant increase in saliva samples of patients with both types of the disease. Albumin concentration was found to decrease significantly in sera and saliva samples of patients with both types of diabetic and highly significant increase was observed in globulins concentration in sera and saliva samples of the patients groups in comparison to the control groups.
Conclusion: the result of the present study suggests the possibility of using measurement of total protein concentration and globulins concentration in saliva of type 1 of diabetes as a reflection of the changes that occur in these parameters in serum of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).